On this International Day of Women Judges, we celebrate the courageous women ensuring justice is fair, inclusive, and representative of all citizens. Their rise is not just about numbers; it is about impact, equity, and restoring faith in judicial systems across the continent.

READ ALSO: Women Judges Converge to Discuss Gender Issue

A Brief Look at the Past

Historically, the legal profession in Africa was an exclusive space, with women often confined to clerical roles or excluded altogether. Even when they entered law schools, many faced significant barriers to judicial leadership due to gender biases, societal stereotypes, and structural discrimination.

It took years of advocacy, legal reforms, and the persistence of trailblazing women to change this narrative. Countries such as South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, Malawi, Sudan, Uganda, Lesotho, and Mali have witnessed the remarkable rise of female judges who are now shaping policies, leading constitutional changes, and upholding human rights.

Triumphs in the Courtroom: Africa’s Women Judges Leading the Way

Today, women judges across Africa are spearheading judicial reforms, delivering groundbreaking rulings, and proving that justice thrives with diversity. Here are some of the leading women currently reshaping Africa’s legal system:

Hon. Lady Justice Imani Daud Aboud (Tanzania) – Upholding Human Rights at a Continental Level

As President of the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Hon. Lady Justice Imani Daud Aboud plays a crucial role in strengthening legal frameworks that protect marginalised communities and advocating for judicial independence.

Chief Justice Kudirat Kekere-Ekun (Nigeria) – Shaping Constitutional Law

Justice Kudirat Kekere-Ekun, a highly respected legal mind in Nigeria, has made significant contributions to electoral and constitutional law. Her rulings have set important legal precedents, reinforcing Nigeria’s legal system and democratic governance.

Hon. Lady Justice Tujilane-Rose Chizumila (Malawi) – Promoting Judicial Independence

A judge at the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, Justice Tujilane-Rose Chizumila has been instrumental in advancing judicial independence and ensuring gender equality in the legal sector, inspiring aspiring female lawyers across the continent.

Martha Koome (Kenya) – Championing Judicial Reforms and Gender Justice

As Kenya’s first female Chief Justice, Martha Koome is a strong advocate for judicial reforms, access to justice for marginalised communities, and gender equity within Kenya’s legal landscape. Her leadership is paving the way for more women in the judiciary.

Nemat Abdullah Khair (Sudan) – Leading Legal Reforms in a Transitioning Democracy

Sudan’s first female Chief Justice, Nemat Abdullah Khair, has been pivotal in overseeing legal reforms and upholding the rule of law in a country undergoing significant political transitions.

Justice Fatoumata Dembélé Diarra (Mali) – A Key Figure in International Justice

A former judge at the International Criminal Court (ICC), Justice Fatoumata Dembélé Diarra has played a crucial role in prosecuting crimes against humanity, strengthening African women’s presence in international law.

Justice Julia Sebutinde (Uganda) – Bringing African Perspectives to Global Legal Matters

Justice Julia Sebutinde, the first African woman to serve at the International Court of Justice (ICJ), ensures that African perspectives are represented in global legal decisions, contributing to the evolution of international law.

Justice Nthomeng Majara (Lesotho) – A Defender of Women’s Rights

As former Chief Justice of Lesotho, Justice Nthomeng Majara has tirelessly advocated for gender-sensitive legal policies and the increased representation of women in the judiciary.

Justice Yvonne Mokgoro (South Africa) – A Champion for Social Justice

Justice Yvonne Mokgoro, who served on South Africa’s Constitutional Court, played a key role in shaping the country’s post-apartheid legal landscape with a focus on human rights, social justice, and gender equality.

These women stand as symbols of progress, proving that gender should never be a barrier to leadership in the judiciary.

The Numbers Tell the Story

While we celebrate these achievements, statistics reveal that much remains to be done. Women remain underrepresented in Africa’s judicial leadership, with fewer than 30% holding high-ranking positions in many countries. In some nations, female judges still struggle for recognition, and legal reforms addressing gender disparities remain slow.

However, there is hope. Countries such as Kenya, South Africa, and Rwanda are taking active steps to increase female representation in the judiciary. Mentorship programmes for young women in law and policy shifts promoting gender equity are paving the way for the next generation of female judges.

A Call to Action

As we commemorate this International Day of Women Judges, the African Leadership Organisation (ALO) calls on:

Governments to enforce policies ensuring equal representation of women in judicial appointments.

Legal institutions to provide mentorship programmes and career advancement opportunities for women in the judiciary.

Law schools and universities to create more inclusive environments that encourage young women to pursue legal careers.

International bodies to support African women judges by promoting their participation in global judicial institutions.

The rise of women judges in Africa is not just about diversity—it is about justice, fairness, and ensuring every citizen, regardless of gender, receives equal protection under the law. The journey is far from over, but with continued advocacy and commitment, Africa’s courtrooms will become spaces where justice truly knows no gender.

Let’s celebrate, honour, and amplify the voices of the women transforming Africa’s justice system today!

The post Honouring the Rise of Women Judges Across Africa appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

In the corridors of power, in the heart of innovation, and on the frontlines of change, women have consistently broken barriers and redefined possibilities. On this International Women’s Day, the African Leadership Organization celebrates the architects of change—women whose courage, resilience, and leadership have shaped the world we live in today. The theme for 2025, “Accelerate Action,” emphasizes the urgent need to advance gender equality, drive progress, and foster inclusion, ensuring that every woman and girl has the opportunity to shape a more just and equitable world.

The Power of ‘She’: Women Who Define Leadership

Across Africa and beyond, exceptional women have led the charge for progress in industries, governance, philanthropy, and innovation. The following women have not only shattered glass ceilings but have paved the way for future generations.

Dr. (Mrs) Ibifuro Ken-Giami – A Visionary Leader in Gender Advocacy and Leadership Development

As the Executive Director of the Centre for Economic and Leadership Development (CELD) and Publisher of Amazons Watch Magazine, Dr. (Mrs) Ibifuro Ken-Giami has dedicated her career to empowering women and fostering inclusive leadership. Through CELD, she has spearheaded global initiatives that advance women’s rights, leadership capacity building, and economic empowerment across multiple continents. Under her stewardship, Amazons Watch Magazine has become a leading voice in celebrating and amplifying the achievements of exceptional women worldwide. Her unwavering commitment to gender equality and leadership development continues to inspire change at the highest levels.

H.E. Robinah Nabbanja – Uganda’s First Female Prime Minister Shaping Progressive Leadership

Honored as African Female Leader of the Year, H.E. Robinah Nabbanja has made history as Uganda’s first female Prime Minister. A champion of gender inclusion and socio-economic progress, she has overseen transformative policies in education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation. Her unwavering dedication to governance and women’s empowerment has positioned Uganda as a leader in progressive African leadership.

Dr. Seinye O.B. Lulu-Briggs – The Heart of Philanthropy in Africa

As the Executive Chairman of Moni Pulo Limited, Nigeria, and recipient of the African Philanthropist of the Year Award, Dr. Seinye Lulu-Briggs is a beacon of hope for countless lives. Through the O.B. Lulu-Briggs Foundation, she has spearheaded initiatives that uplift Nigeria’s most vulnerable communities. Her foundation has provided healthcare, elder care, economic empowerment, and humanitarian support, touching thousands of lives across Africa. Her commitment to social justice and economic development has made her one of the most influential figures in African philanthropy today.

Madame Monique Gieskes – A Trailblazer in African Business Leadership

As the CEO of Plantations et Huileries du Congo (PHC), Madame Monique Gieskes has been recognized with the Special African Business Leadership Commendation Award. She is a pioneer in sustainable agribusiness, championing economic empowerment, gender inclusivity, and corporate responsibility in one of Africa’s most vital industries. Under her leadership, PHC has not only thrived but has also set new benchmarks for ethical business practices across the continent.

Dr. Jane Ruth Aceng Ocero – A Public Health Champion Revolutionizing Uganda’s Healthcare

Honored as African Public Health Leader of the Year, Dr. Jane Ruth Aceng Ocero has transformed Uganda’s health sector. Her leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic was pivotal in mitigating the crisis, implementing effective policies, and strengthening Uganda’s healthcare infrastructure. As Minister for Health, she has championed universal healthcare coverage, spearheaded vaccination programs, and improved maternal and child health services. Her vision for a healthier Africa continues to inspire public health practitioners worldwide.

Dr. Joy Kategewa – Advancing Regional Integration and Development

As the Director of the Regional Integration Coordination Office at the African Development Bank Group (AFDB), Dr. Joy Kategewa plays a critical role in fostering economic partnerships across Africa. Her work in regional integration ensures that African nations can collaborate more effectively in trade, infrastructure, and sustainable development, creating opportunities for millions.

H.E. Chileshe Mpundu Kapwepwe – Leading Continental Economic Growth

Serving as the Secretary-General of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), H.E. Chileshe Mpundu Kapwepwe is one of Africa’s most influential economic policymakers. She has been instrumental in shaping trade policies that drive economic growth, empowering businesses, and fostering intercontinental partnerships that are transforming Africa’s economic landscape.

H.E. Fardowsa Osman Egal – Pioneering Transportation and Civil Aviation in Somalia

As Minister for Transport & Civil Aviation in Somalia, H.E. Fardowsa Osman Egal has been a key force in rebuilding and modernizing Somalia’s transportation infrastructure. Her leadership is pivotal in advancing aviation policies, improving connectivity, and fostering economic development, contributing to the nation’s post-conflict recovery.

Helen Oritsejafor – A Business Icon and Philanthropy Powerhouse

Awarded African Female of the Year, Helen Oritsejafor is a distinguished businesswoman and philanthropist. With over three decades of experience spanning banking, construction, and corporate leadership, she has mentored countless women entrepreneurs and led philanthropic initiatives that support education, healthcare, and economic empowerment in Nigeria and beyond.

Emilia Nghikembua – A Rising Star in Africa’s Communications Industry

Recognized as Young African of the Year, Emilia Nghikembua is a trailblazer in Africa’s communication regulatory landscape. As CEO of the Communications Regulatory Authority of Namibia, she has championed digital transformation, fostered innovation, and shaped policies that promote access to information and technology across Africa. Her work is pivotal in bridging the digital divide and enabling economic growth through tech-driven solutions.

Bridgette Motsepe – Driving Industrial Growth and Women’s Empowerment in Mining

Honored as African Industrialist of the Year, Bridgette Motsepe is a force to reckon with in Africa’s mining and industrial sectors. As Founder and Chairperson of Mmakau Mining, South Africa, she has pioneered women’s participation in the male-dominated mining industry. Her advocacy for local content policies, sustainable industrialisation, and economic empowerment has left an indelible mark on Africa’s resource economy.

A Call to Action: The Future is Female

As we honor these trailblazers, the African Leadership Organization calls for sustained action to break barriers and create more opportunities for women across industries and communities. Gender equality is not a destination but a continuous journey that demands policy changes, investment in women’s education and leadership, and collective effort.

We celebrate these women and countless others whose contributions may not be widely recognised but are equally vital to progress. Empowering every woman is not just a theme—it is a call to action.

Happy International Women’s Day!

The post International Women’s Day: Celebrating the Architects of Change and the Power of ‘She’ appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

Despite significant progress, women in Africa remain underrepresented in STEM careers. The UNESCO Institute for Statistics reports that only 28% of researchers worldwide are women, with the percentage being even lower in Africa. However, African women are increasingly breaking barriers, redefining innovation, and inspiring future generations to embrace STEM fields.

READ ALSO: African Icons in STEM: Leading Innovation Beyond Borders

The Gender Gap in African STEM

Women in Africa face multiple obstacles in STEM careers, including cultural biases, limited access to quality education, lack of mentorship, and inadequate funding for female-led scientific research. In many African countries, girls are often discouraged from pursuing technical subjects, resulting in fewer women enrolling in STEM programmes at the university level. According to a 2023 UNESCO report, fewer than 30% of STEM graduates in sub-Saharan Africa are women.

However, initiatives led by governments, NGOs, and private institutions are actively working to bridge the gender gap. Programmes such as Women in Tech Africa, the Mawazo Institute, and the African Women in Science and Engineering (AWSE) provide scholarships, mentorship, and funding opportunities to encourage more African girls to enter STEM fields.

Voices from the Field

Regina Honu, a Ghanaian tech entrepreneur and founder of Soronko Solutions, is transforming the tech industry by training young African women in coding, software development, and digital skills. Honu believes that empowering women with digital skills is key to Africa’s technological advancement. “STEM is not just a career path; it is a gateway to economic freedom and innovation,” she asserts.

Similarly, Yvonne Palm, a recognised leader in STEM and one of the 50 Most Influential Women in Africa (2024), highlights the importance of resilience. “Don’t give up, no matter what challenges you face,” she advises young girls pursuing careers in science and technology.

African Women Revolutionising STEM

African women are making groundbreaking contributions in various STEM disciplines:
 Dr Quarraisha Abdool Karim (South Africa): A leading epidemiologist whose HIV/AIDS research has saved millions of lives.
 Dr Isatou Touray (The Gambia): A public health specialist and advocate for women’s rights in scientific research.
 Dr Tolullah Oni (Nigeria): A physician-scientist working on urban health innovations to improve city planning and health outcomes.

These women, among many others, serve as living proof that African women are at the forefront of scientific breakthroughs, pushing the continent towards greater technological and healthcare advancements.

How Can We Bolster the Future of Women in STEM?

1. To sustain and accelerate progress, stakeholders must take proactive measures to support African women and girls in STEM:
2. Encourage Early STEM Education – Schools must integrate hands-on science projects and digital literacy programmes for girls from an early age.
3. Increase Funding and Scholarships – Governments and private entities should provide more grants, fellowships, and research funding for female scientists.
4. Create Inclusive Work Environments – Organisations must actively eliminate workplace biases and foster mentorship programmes.
5. Promote Female Role Models – The media should highlight successful African women in STEM to inspire the next generation.

The future of Africa’s STEM industry is female. By addressing gender disparities, providing equitable opportunities, and empowering young girls, Africa can harness the full potential of its women scientists, engineers, and tech innovators. As Her Voice in Science gains momentum, the world must listen, support, and invest in the limitless possibilities that African women bring to STEM.

The post Her Voice in Science: Unpacking STEM Careers for African Women and Girls appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

On this International Day of Education 2025, as African Leadership Magazine reflects on the theme “AI and Education: Preserving Human Agency in a World of Automation,” one of the most pressing questions we must grapple with is whether artificial intelligence (AI) is empowering or replacing the teachers who have long been at the heart of learning. AI in education promises transformative benefits: revolutionising access to knowledge, enhancing personalised learning, and improving efficiency. However, as these technologies become more pervasive, we must ask: is the role of the human teacher in the classroom diminishing, or is AI merely a tool to enhance and empower their work?

READ ALSO: Reimagining Education in Africa: Universities Rising to Global Excellence

The Rise of AI in Education: Promise and Perils

AI has quickly made its way into classrooms across the globe. From AI-powered tutoring systems to automated grading tools and virtual assistants, the digital transformation of education is accelerating. According to a 2024 UNESCO report, the global AI market for education is projected to exceed $20 billion by 2027, reflecting the increasing adoption of AI technologies in teaching and learning environments. These tools process vast amounts of data and personalise learning at an unprecedented scale, enabling students to progress at their own pace with lessons tailored to suit their learning styles.

However, this rapid growth raises concerns about what might be lost along the way—particularly the human connection that teachers uniquely provide.

The Negative Effects: AI as a Threat to Human Teachers

Teacher Displacement and Job Loss

AI promises efficiency, but at what cost? According to a 2024 International Labour Organisation report, up to 60 million teaching jobs could be at risk by 2030 due to AI and automation. The threat of job displacement is particularly acute in administrative roles and basic educational tasks, where AI can perform routine operations faster and more accurately. This raises a profound challenge: as AI becomes more adept at managing classroom functions, what becomes of the educators who were once instrumental in shaping young minds?

Erosion of Human Connection and Emotional Intelligence

AI cannot replicate the emotional and social bonds that teachers foster with their students. The 2024 Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report reveals that 87% of learning outcomes depend on the human element—teacher-student interactions, encouragement, and mentorship—which are critical to students’ holistic development. Teachers guide pupils through life’s challenges, nurture critical thinking, and provide emotional support—areas where AI, no matter how advanced, cannot substitute the nuanced understanding and empathy of a human being.

Bias in AI Algorithms

AI systems are only as unbiased as the data on which they are trained. In education, this limitation can lead to significant disparities. Research by the MIT Media Lab has shown that AI algorithms used for grading and assessments have the potential to reinforce existing gender and racial biases. A lack of diversity in the development of AI technologies could exacerbate systemic inequalities, disproportionately affecting marginalised groups and limiting their access to quality education.

The Positive Effects: AI as a Tool to Empower Educators

Despite these challenges, AI holds immense potential to enhance the educational experience and empower teachers rather than replace them. Used effectively, AI can address global educational gaps and cater to individual student needs.

Personalised Learning and Accessibility

AI offers personalised learning experiences previously unimaginable in traditional classrooms. Adaptive learning platforms, driven by AI, can assess students’ progress in real-time, tailoring lessons to their needs and granting them greater agency over their education. In underserved and remote areas, AI can deliver high-quality educational content, bridging the gap for millions of children who lack access to skilled teachers. A 2024 World Bank study found that AI-based learning platforms improved student engagement and performance by 20% in low-resource regions, underscoring their potential to level the educational playing field.

Teacher Support and Professional Development

Far from replacing teachers, AI can be a valuable ally, particularly in alleviating administrative burdens. AI systems can assist with grading, creating lesson plans, and identifying students who need additional support, allowing educators to focus on core aspects of teaching—mentorship, creativity, and emotional support. Additionally, AI-powered tools can facilitate ongoing professional development, helping teachers learn innovative strategies, monitor progress, and enhance classroom practices. A 2024 EdTech study revealed that 75% of educators who incorporated AI tools into their classrooms felt more supported in their roles.

Fostering Lifelong Learning

AI encourages students to develop a culture of lifelong learning by helping them learn how to learn. With real-time feedback and tailored resources, students can take greater ownership of their education, cultivating self-regulation and problem-solving skills—key competencies for thriving in an increasingly automated world. Moreover, AI provides opportunities for adults to reskill and upskill, granting access to educational resources previously beyond their reach.

A Call to Action: Embracing the Human Element in AI Education

As we celebrate the International Day of Education, it is vital to advocate for a balanced approach to AI integration in the classroom. AI should not be seen as a replacement for teachers but as a tool that complements and amplifies their invaluable contributions. Ethical development of AI technologies must remain a priority, ensuring fairness, transparency, and inclusivity.
Governments, education ministries, and private organisations must work together to ensure AI supports, rather than displaces, teachers. This includes updating teacher training programmes to incorporate AI literacy, equipping educators with the knowledge and confidence to use these tools responsibly.

Crucially, we must not lose sight of the irreplaceable human element in education—the ability of teachers to inspire, mentor, and guide students through their personal and academic journeys. On this International Day of Education, let us reaffirm our commitment to a system where technology and humanity coexist, ensuring that learning remains a transformative experience.

The post International Day of Education: Is AI Empowering or Replacing Teachers? appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

Globally, approximately 1.3 billion people—around 16% of the population—experience significant disabilities. This translates to roughly one in six people worldwide, with higher prevalence rates in developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 90 million people in Africa live with disabilities, the majority of whom reside in low- and middle-income nations. Despite systemic challenges, African innovators are rising to the occasion, designing groundbreaking solutions that empower people with disabilities to overcome barriers and realise their full potential.

Driving African Innovation

African innovation is rooted in a deep understanding of local needs, coupled with a spirit of ingenuity and resourcefulness. Entrepreneurs across the continent are creating initiatives that address social and educational challenges, while promoting accessibility and inclusion.

READ ALSO: http://Children’s Day: Building Future Leaders

Inclusive Education

One notable example is AbleBooks by Aanuoluwa Omoleye of Nigeria. This initiative provides illustrated storybooks featuring children with disabilities as central characters, fostering representation and inclusivity in education. Targeting nursery, primary, and secondary schools, particularly in Nigeria, AbleBooks aims to create a sense of belonging for children with disabilities by promoting understanding and empathy among their peers.

Transformative Assistive Technologies

In Kenya, Roy Allela developed the Sign-IO Gloves, a groundbreaking innovation that uses sensors to translate sign language into spoken words. This technology has revolutionised communication for deaf individuals, bridging the gap between the hearing and non-hearing communities.

Meanwhile, Zambia’s APTERS organisation produces affordable mobility aids from recycled materials, such as papier-mâché chairs, standing frames, walking aids, and therapy tools. By using low-cost materials like cardboard and recycled paper, APTERS ensures that assistive devices are accessible to those in need, even in resource-constrained settings.

Fostering Inclusion

These innovations are not solely technological—they represent a broader effort to create inclusive societies. By improving accessibility, fostering skills development, and challenging negative perceptions, they empower individuals with disabilities to achieve their potential.

For instance, children in Uganda are now learning braille with Braille Bricks, an educational tool that combines play and learning, making braille literacy accessible and engaging. Similarly, AbleBooks and the Sign-IO Gloves have not only improved communication but also challenged societal attitudes towards disability.

A Call to Action

The impact of these solutions is undeniable, yet the journey toward full inclusion requires sustained effort. Africa’s innovators have shown remarkable ingenuity and resilience, but their success depends on robust support systems.

Funding, mentorship, and infrastructure development are critical to scaling these innovations and ensuring they reach the communities that need them most. Governments, private sector stakeholders, and international organisations must collaborate to create an ecosystem that fosters innovation and inclusion.

Building an Inclusive Future

These stories highlight the transformative power of innovation in addressing social challenges. By investing in inclusive solutions, Africa can move closer to a future where disability is no longer seen as a barrier, but as an opportunity for creativity and progress. As we celebrate these achievements, we must also commit to supporting the innovators driving this change, ensuring that their ideas continue to empower people with disabilities across the continent.

With the right support, Africa’s vision of an inclusive society can become a reality, where every individual—regardless of ability—has the opportunity to thrive.

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On 20 November 2024, the world unites to celebrate Universal Children’s Day, a moment to highlight the importance of children’s rights and well-being. This year’s theme, “Listen to the Future,” calls on us to pay attention to the dreams and aspirations of children everywhere and act decisively on their behalf. Nowhere is this message more urgent than in Africa, home to the youngest population in the world.

With over 550 million children under the age of 15, Africa’s youth embody both the continent’s challenges and its immense potential. For too many African children, however, their dreams are thwarted by poverty, lack of access to education, health disparities, and systemic inequality. Universal Children’s Day 2024 is an opportunity to amplify their voices, tackle these barriers, and nurture their aspirations for a brighter tomorrow.

READ ALSO: Africa’s Progress in Addressing Out-of-school Children

The Untapped Potential of Africa’s Children

Africa’s children are its most valuable asset, possessing the potential to reshape economies, societies, and global perspectives. However, the reality they face remains sobering:

• Education: According to UNESCO, over 98 million children in sub-Saharan Africa are out of school, with girls disproportionately affected due to cultural norms and economic hardship.

• Health: UNICEF reports that Africa accounts for 45% of global child mortality, with preventable diseases such as malaria and pneumonia taking a devastating toll.

• Conflict: More than 16 million African children are displaced by violence and crises, leaving them vulnerable to exploitation and trauma.

Addressing these challenges demands collective commitment to ensure every African child has the opportunity to thrive.

Education: The Bridge to the Future

Quality education remains the cornerstone of opportunity, yet access is highly unequal. Initiatives such as Rwanda’s Smart Classroom Programme and Kenya’s Elimu Scholarship Fund are making progress, but millions of children, particularly in rural areas, remain excluded.

Scaling up such efforts, bridging the digital divide, and fostering inclusive learning environments are essential for unlocking Africa’s potential. Universal Children’s Day 2024 reminds us that educating children is not just an investment in individuals—it is an investment in the future of the continent.

Health: Ensuring a Brighter Tomorrow

A healthy child is a thriving child. Yet 45% of African children under five suffer from malnutrition, and preventable diseases remain the leading causes of death. Innovations such as Ethiopia’s Health Extension Programme, which delivers community-based healthcare, illustrate how local solutions can save lives.

Governments and global partners must prioritise expanded vaccination campaigns, improved sanitation, and targeted nutrition programmes to secure the well-being of Africa’s children.

Empowering Girls: Breaking Barriers

Girls face unique challenges in realising their dreams. Early marriage, gender-based violence, and limited access to education silence millions of young voices. However, initiatives like the African Union’s “African Girls Can Code Initiative” offer hope by empowering girls through technology and leadership skills.

Ending child marriage, enforcing gender-equality laws, and ensuring access to secondary education for girls are critical steps towards amplifying their voices and unlocking their potential.

A Call to Action

Universal Children’s Day 2024 is a clarion call for African leaders, policymakers, and global allies to prioritise children’s rights:

1. Invest in Education: Allocate resources to guarantee every child has access to quality education, especially in underserved areas.

2. Expand Healthcare Access: Scale up community-based healthcare solutions and prioritise nutrition and vaccination campaigns.

3. Protect the Vulnerable: Implement policies to safeguard children from violence, exploitation, and early marriage.

4. Listen to Children: Create platforms for children to voice their aspirations and actively engage in shaping policies that affect them.

The African Leadership Organisation (ALO) underscores the importance of collaborative efforts to place children at the heart of development agendas.

Dreaming Together for a Better Tomorrow

On Universal Children’s Day 2024, let us commit to amplifying the dreams of Africa’s children. Their voices, aspirations, and potential hold the promise of a brighter, more equitable future.

By addressing their challenges today, we empower them to become the innovators, leaders, and changemakers of tomorrow. The time to listen—and act—is now. Together, we can ensure that Africa’s children not only dream boldly but also achieve their greatest potential.

The post Universal Children’s Day 2024: Amplifying the Dreams of Young Africans appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

A Tale of Rich Scientific History

Africa has a long history of scientific achievement. Civilisations such as Ancient Egypt made landmark discoveries in medicine, mathematics, and engineering. The construction of the pyramids, early advances in astronomy, and medical practices laid essential foundations for modern science. However, centuries of colonisation hindered the growth of indigenous scientific research, resulting in the underrepresentation of African scientific contributions on the global stage.

Following independence, African nations began to reclaim their scientific potential. Established in 2001, the African Union (AU) recognised the importance of scientific advancement as a pillar for economic and social progress. Reflecting this, the AU’s Agenda 2063 has placed science, technology, and innovation at the heart of Africa’s development aspirations. This ambitious vision positions science as a vital tool for tackling Africa’s pressing challenges, from poverty and health issues to climate change.

Science and Innovation in Africa Today

Africa is no longer a passive recipient of global scientific advancements; it is increasingly emerging as a producer of solutions. Across agriculture, healthcare, and energy, science is driving positive change and addressing the continent’s unique challenges. From malaria research to renewable energy initiatives, African science is making impactful strides.

The Science of Food Security

Agriculture remains central to Africa’s economy, with over 60% of the population reliant on it. However, challenges in food security persist due to climate change, population growth, and outdated farming practices. Science is helping to counter these issues through initiatives like the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), which promotes science-driven solutions to improve crop yields, reduce environmental impacts, and enhance food security.

In countries like Kenya and Nigeria, climate-smart agriculture and the use of genetically modified seeds are enhancing productivity. Kenya, for instance, has reported a 30% increase in maize production over the past decade thanks to these innovations. Dr Agnes Kalibata, President of AGRA, asserts, “Science in agriculture is key to feeding Africa’s growing population and combating food insecurity. It’s not just about growing more food but growing it sustainably.”

Fighting Disease with Science

Africa has faced significant challenges from infectious diseases such as malaria, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis, alongside emerging threats like COVID-19. African scientists, however, are achieving breakthroughs in health research that benefit not only the continent but the world.

A notable achievement is the RTS,S malaria vaccine, introduced in 2021, which was developed in collaboration with African scientists and has shown considerable success in reducing malaria cases in countries like Ghana, Kenya, and Malawi. During the COVID-19 pandemic, South Africa became a hub for clinical trials, making valuable contributions to global vaccine research. As the World Health Organisation (WHO) stated in 2023, “Africa’s contributions to health research are indispensable in addressing global health challenges.”

Africa’s Renewable Energy Potential

As the demand for sustainable development grows, Africa’s abundance of renewable energy sources provides a substantial opportunity. Solar, wind, and hydroelectric power are being harnessed to meet the continent’s energy needs. The Moroccan Noor Ouarzazate Solar Complex, one of the largest solar farms globally, exemplifies how renewable energy can power Africa’s future.

Africa has the potential to leapfrog traditional fossil fuels and embrace clean energy solutions. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Africa could generate up to 10 terawatts of solar energy annually, a resource capable of powering the continent and more. Dr Abderrahim El Hafidi, Director-General of Morocco’s National Agency for Renewable Energy, observes, “Renewable energy is not just an environmental solution but an economic opportunity that can bring jobs, reduce poverty, and improve living standards across Africa.”

Education and STEM: Empowering Africa’s Youth

A significant challenge for Africa is access to quality education, particularly in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Currently, only about 28% of students in sub-Saharan Africa pursue science-related degrees, with an even smaller percentage of women entering STEM fields. Bridging this gap is crucial for Africa’s development.

Initiatives like the African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS) and Africa Science Week are inspiring and training the next generation of African scientists, many of whom will play critical roles in solving the continent’s pressing challenges. Dr Salim Abdulla, a prominent malaria researcher, emphasises, “The next great scientist in Africa could be sitting in a rural village today, and it’s our responsibility to equip them with the tools and knowledge they need.”

Additionally, programs focused on empowering women in science, such as the initiatives by Women in Science for the Developing World (TWAS), are making strides towards gender equality in STEM, ensuring women have equal opportunities to lead and innovate.

Overcoming Barriers to Progress

Despite promising developments, Africa faces obstacles, particularly in research and development (R&D) investment, which remains below the global average. Many African nations allocate less than 0.5% of GDP to R&D, and the continent struggles with brain drain as talented scientists seek opportunities abroad due to insufficient infrastructure and funding.

These challenges, however, are surmountable. The African Union, governments, private investors, and international partners must prioritise science and technology by increasing R&D funding, improving STEM education, and creating supportive environments for innovation.

Empowering Africa’s Future Through Science

World Science Day for Peace and Development is not merely a celebration; it is a call to action. Africa has the potential to become a global leader in science and innovation, driving its own progress and contributing to global advancements. By investing in education, empowering youth, supporting women in STEM, and bolstering research funding, Africa can realise its scientific potential.

As Nelson Mandela said, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.” The time to invest in Africa’s scientific future is now. Let us seize this moment to empower the next generation of African scientists, innovators, and leaders who will shape a more sustainable and prosperous future for both Africa and the world.

The post Celebrating Science as a Pillar of Progress and Innovation in Africa appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

Each year on 6 November, the world observes the International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict, highlighting an often overlooked casualty of war: the environment. For Africa, a continent rich in biodiversity and natural resources, the environmental toll of conflict is devastating, affecting ecosystems, communities, and future generations. With the 2024 theme underscoring the urgent need to protect the environment from the ravages of war, this day calls for unified action to preserve Africa’s natural heritage.

Africa’s Ecosystems Under Threat

Africa’s diverse landscapes—from the rainforests of the Congo Basin to the sprawling savannas of East Africa—are home to a wealth of plant and animal life and support millions of people dependent on these ecosystems for their livelihoods. However, these resources are often central to conflicts. Studies reveal that over 40% of internal conflicts globally are linked to competition for natural resources, a figure that resonates strongly across Africa, where minerals, oil, and timber are both blessings and sources of contention.

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), for instance, has faced decades of conflict driven by illegal mining of resources such as coltan, gold, and diamonds. The environmental consequences are severe: widespread deforestation, toxic chemical contamination of water sources, and extensive soil degradation. These practices not only strip the land of fertility but also pollute rivers and disrupt ecosystems, leaving surrounding communities to deal with the after-effects long after conflict ends. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) estimates that 95% of environmental damage in conflict zones may take centuries to recover, underscoring the lasting harm of environmental exploitation in war.

Wildlife at Risk

Africa’s renowned wildlife has suffered extensively in conflict zones. In regions destabilised by armed groups, poaching has surged, with endangered species like elephants and rhinos targeted to finance wars. A 2023 report by the Wildlife Conservation Society found that elephant populations in conflict-prone areas have decreased by up to 60% over the past two decades. Such losses destabilise ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and damaging local economies that rely on ecotourism. Wildlife tourism is a vital source of income for many African communities, and its decline displaces workers and erodes economic stability.

Moreover, ongoing conflicts hinder conservation efforts, as wildlife rangers face life-threatening challenges. For example, in Virunga National Park in the DRC, armed groups frequently target rangers, reducing manpower dedicated to protecting endangered species. This leaves Africa’s precious biodiversity vulnerable to extinction, creating an urgent need for increased international support and intervention.

Agriculture and Food Security Under Siege

Agriculture, which forms the backbone of Africa’s economy and supports over 60% of its population, is particularly vulnerable in times of conflict. War damages farmland, irrigation systems, and essential agricultural infrastructure, forcing farmers to abandon their land and homes. In nations like South Sudan, armed conflicts disrupt crop production, resulting in severe food shortages. The 2023 Global Hunger Index (GHI) indicates that 282 million Africans face food insecurity, largely due to conflict-related environmental degradation.

The Sahel region, already grappling with climate issues like droughts and desertification, faces intensified challenges from ongoing conflicts. Croplands lie fallow, livestock populations dwindle, and food production declines sharply. The twin pressures of conflict and climate change make food security precarious, obstructing communities’ abilities to recover and rebuild.

The Climate Crisis: A Vicious Cycle of Conflict and Environmental Degradation

The environmental impacts of conflict extend beyond local ecosystems, contributing to the global climate crisis. War-driven deforestation, often tied to resource conflict, releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide, exacerbating climate change. Ironically, while Africa contributes less than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions, it faces some of the harshest consequences of climate change.

Deforestation and land degradation are especially prevalent in conflict zones. A 2024 study on desertification in Libya reported that over half of previously fertile land in conflict-affected areas is now barren due to soil degradation and pollution. This creates a vicious cycle: conflict damages the environment, leading to food insecurity, which in turn fuels tensions and spurs new conflicts over scarce resources. As a result, Africa faces intertwined ecological and humanitarian crises that perpetuate poverty and instability.

A Call for Accountability and Global Action

The International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict calls for a global commitment to environmental protection, recognising that ecological harm in conflict zones has long-lasting repercussions. African countries are increasingly advocating for accountability from international actors and corporations contributing to environmental degradation in conflict areas. Regional bodies, such as the African Union (AU), are pushing for regulations that protect ecosystems as a foundation for peacebuilding.

Some African leaders argue that true peace is inseparable from environmental justice, urging the global community to support projects that restore war-impacted regions. Such initiatives include reforestation, soil rehabilitation, and bolstering local conservation efforts. International agencies and NGOs play a vital role in funding sustainable agriculture, clean water access, and environmental education, helping communities rebuild in post-conflict areas.

Africa’s Youth and Civil Society: Champions for Environmental Peace

Africa’s youth, who represent over 60% of the continent’s population, are emerging as passionate advocates for environmental protection. Youth-led movements and organisations across Africa are championing projects that restore degraded landscapes, push for climate action, and hold leaders accountable for environmental stewardship. Groups like Kenya’s “Green Recovery Movement” mobilise communities to plant trees, rehabilitate land, and promote sustainable farming, underscoring young Africans’ dedication to safeguarding their natural heritage.

Civil society organisations also play a critical role, raising awareness and pressing for policies that address the environmental impacts of conflict. By prioritising environmental restoration in post-conflict recovery, these groups promote a vision of peace that encompasses both human and ecological well-being.

A Unified African Call to Action

The African Leadership Organisation (ALO) has issued an urgent call to action, urging African governments, regional bodies, and the international community to commit to environmental protection as a cornerstone of sustainable peace. The ALO advocates for laws criminalising environmental exploitation during conflict, restoration mandates, and policies that prioritise ecological conservation in peacebuilding efforts.

As we observe this year’s International Day for Preventing the Exploitation of the Environment in War and Armed Conflict, let us remember that protecting Africa’s environment is not merely an environmental issue—it is a matter of human rights, security, and resilience. Africa’s future relies on safeguarding its ecosystems, and the global community must unite to ensure the continent’s natural beauty and resources endure for generations to come.

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This year’s theme, “Youth Climate Changemakers: Catalyzing Local Action for Urban Sustainability,” underscores the power of youth to drive climate resilience in their communities.

Urbanisation in Africa

Africa is experiencing one of the fastest urbanization rates globally, with projections indicating that over half of the continent’s population will reside in urban areas by 2050. Currently, around 43% of Africans live in cities, a figure expected to rise to 60% by 2030. This rapid urban growth brings both opportunities and challenges, as cities grapple with issues such as inadequate infrastructure, housing shortages, and environmental pressures.

Historically, African cities have been hubs of culture and commerce. However, climate-related urban challenges—flooding, heatwaves, and food insecurity—demand innovative solutions and proactive efforts. Here, youth have a pivotal role.

Empowering the Next Generation of Urban Leaders

African youth are not merely future leaders; they are changemakers today, actively working toward sustainable urban environments. The climate crisis requires fresh perspectives, and young Africans are stepping up, driven by a commitment to environmental stewardship and social equity. Their innovative approaches position them as essential drivers of urban sustainability and local action.

Inspiring African Youth Activists

Elizabeth Kibet (Kenya)
Climate activist and founder of the Green Youth Initiative, Elizabeth has mobilized young Kenyans to advocate for sustainable practices through tree planting, waste management, and climate education, empowering youth to shape their environmental future.

Mandeep Makkar (South Africa)
Founder of the Youth for Climate Justice movement, Mandeep advocates for equitable climate policies in South Africa. Through workshops and community engagement, Mandeep encourages young people to participate in local governance and sustainability efforts.

Fatoumata Keita (Mali)
Founder of EcoFemmes, Fatoumata promotes sustainable agriculture among young women, addressing food security and empowering women in rural communities to lead in eco-friendly farming practices.

Ayo Oduyale (Nigeria)
Co-founder of the Green Institute, Ayo works on urban sustainability and environmental education, empowering youth to engage in urban planning and green initiatives to make cities more livable.

Juma Hassan (Tanzania)
As a member of the Tanzania Youth Coalition, Juma advocates for youth participation in climate policy discussions, ensuring that young voices influence decisions impacting their urban environments.

Amina Abdalla (Egypt)
Founder of Eco-Youth Egypt, Amina educates young people about sustainability and urban ecology. Through hands-on projects, she inspires youth to engage with and conserve their local environments.

Mokhlesa Mahfouz (Morocco)
An emerging urban planner, Mokhlesa integrates green spaces into urban design, emphasizing accessible green areas to improve urban quality of life and environmental health.

Nadia Didi (Ethiopia)
Social entrepreneur Nadia focuses on sustainable waste management. Her initiative, Waste to Wealth, turns waste into valuable resources, creating jobs and promoting a circular economy among Addis Ababa’s youth.

Supporting Youth-Led Initiatives

As we honor World Cities Day, it is crucial for governments, organizations, and communities to support these young leaders. Investing in youth-led initiatives is vital for sustainable urban development. Local governments must prioritize youth engagement in policy-making, fund community projects, and promote educational programs that equip young people with the skills necessary for sustainable growth.

Incorporating youth voices in urban planning and climate action initiatives fosters more inclusive and effective solutions. As UN-Habitat emphasizes, “Young people are at the forefront of local action for climate resilience and sustainable development, driving transformative change in their communities.”

The Future is Now

World Cities Day serves as a powerful reminder of the potential within African youth. As they tackle climate challenges, their innovation and bold actions will shape tomorrow’s cities. Sustainable urbanization is about not only addressing today’s immediate challenges but also building a foundation for future generations.

Together, we can create inclusive, equitable, and environmentally sustainable cities powered by the energy and creativity of youth. Let us celebrate young changemakers across Africa, advocating for the support and recognition they deserve. The future of our cities is in their hands—it’s time to unleash their potential.

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On 24th October, the world observes United Nations Day, commemorating the founding of an institution established to promote peace, justice, and international cooperation. The UN emerged from the devastation of World War II in 1945 with a mission to prevent future conflicts, safeguard human rights, and foster global partnerships. Over nearly eight decades, its impact has been profound, especially in Africa, where peacekeeping and development efforts have significantly shaped the continent’s history.

This year’s UN Day is particularly meaningful, marking the 25th anniversary of the Declaration and Programme of Action on a Culture of Peace. The theme, “Cultivating a Culture of Peace,” highlights the importance of building lasting peace through justice, inclusion, and sustainable development, rather than solely through treaties and diplomacy. Africa, with its complex history of colonialism, civil wars, and political unrest, has been a central focus of the UN’s peacekeeping, development initiatives, and human rights advocacy. Let us explore the UN’s vital role in shaping Africa’s path towards peace and the challenges it continues to address.

A History of Peacekeeping

Africa has been a focal point of UN peacekeeping since the organisation’s early days. From post-colonial conflicts to more recent crises, the continent has hosted some of the UN’s most enduring missions. Today, Africa is home to over 80,000 UN peacekeepers, with some of the largest operations deployed there. These peacekeepers are tasked with preventing violence, protecting civilians, and supporting political transitions towards lasting peace.

Notable UN peacekeeping missions in Africa include MONUSCO (the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo), launched in 1999, which has been crucial in stabilising one of Africa’s most conflict-affected regions. Another key mission, UNMISS (United Nations Mission in South Sudan), has played a significant role in mediating peace agreements and protecting civilians in a country long plagued by civil war.

UNAMID, the joint African Union-UN mission in Darfur, Sudan, was one of the most significant hybrid operations, demonstrating how international cooperation can help resolve conflicts. Despite challenges, these missions reflect the UN’s unwavering commitment to fostering peace and security across Africa.

Peace Through Development and Human Rights Advocacy

The UN’s influence in Africa extends well beyond peacekeeping. It has been instrumental in promoting human rights, justice, and sustainable development—key elements of long-term peace. The UN’s Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16 focuses on promoting peaceful, just, and inclusive societies, and the UN collaborates closely with African nations to meet these goals.

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been pivotal in supporting governance reforms and socio-economic development across Africa. A 2023 UNDP report highlighted improvements in governance and political stability in nations like Ghana and Rwanda, both of which have seen enhanced peace and development as a result.

Additionally, the Human Rights Council works extensively in Africa to promote and protect human rights. Its Universal Periodic Review process has brought greater accountability and reforms in 42 African countries, advancing critical human rights issues such as freedom of speech, gender equality, and the protection of marginalised communities. These efforts are integral to the UN’s broader peacebuilding strategy.

A key contributor to peace in Africa is the World Food Programme (WFP). In 2023, WFP provided food assistance to 50 million Africans, alleviating hunger in conflict zones and regions affected by climate-related disasters. Addressing food insecurity is vital, as hunger and poverty are often underlying causes of conflict. By combating these issues, the UN helps to prevent violence and create conditions for sustainable peace.

Partnering for Peace

One of the most effective collaborations in Africa has been the partnership between the United Nations and the African Union (AU). This cooperation has resulted in peacekeeping efforts that combine local expertise with global resources, leading to more impactful interventions. A notable example is UNAMID in Darfur, where joint UN-AU efforts helped bring stability to a region long afflicted by ethnic conflict.

In 2017, the AU-UN Framework on Enhanced Partnership in Peace and Security was signed, formalising this collaboration and guiding future peacekeeping and peacebuilding efforts in Africa. Secretary-General António Guterres highlighted the importance of this partnership, stating, “Our partnership with the African Union is one of our greatest strengths in the quest for peace in Africa. Together, we have made progress, but much remains to be done.”

This framework continues to shape the way both organisations respond to security threats across the continent, ensuring that peace efforts are not only reactive but also preventive.

Building a Culture of Peace

As we mark the 25th anniversary of the UN’s Declaration on a Culture of Peace, it is crucial to recognise that achieving peace in Africa involves more than the cessation of violence. A true culture of peace requires justice, respect for human rights, and equal opportunities for all citizens, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or religion.

Countries such as Liberia and Sierra Leone, once devastated by civil wars, have become examples of how the UN’s peacebuilding efforts can help nations transition from conflict to democracy. However, challenges remain, as demonstrated by the ongoing conflicts in Mali, Somalia, and the Central African Republic. The rise of violent extremism in the Sahel poses another serious threat to Africa’s progress towards peace.

The UN Peacebuilding Fund remains a vital resource in conflict-prone areas, providing financial and technical support to prevent violence and foster long-term peace.

Supporting Africa’s Peaceful Future

As we celebrate UN Day 2024, it is vital to reaffirm our commitment to supporting the UN’s efforts in Africa. Governments, civil society, and individuals all have a role to play in building a future where peace is not merely a fleeting moment but a permanent reality.

The UN has laid a strong foundation for peace through its peacekeeping missions, development programmes, and human rights advocacy. Now, it is up to us—citizens, leaders, and global partners—to build upon that foundation. By embracing this year’s theme, “Cultivating a Culture of Peace,” we can ensure that future generations inherit an Africa where conflicts are resolved through dialogue, inclusion, and justice, rather than violence.

Together, we can support Africa on its journey towards a more peaceful and prosperous future.

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