European countries, particularly the United Kingdom and France, also exhibit strong franchise networks, with thousands of successful franchise brands. In Asia, China and India have leveraged franchising to spur small business growth, with China alone experiencing a 15% annual increase in franchise businesses. The franchise model has proven resilient in diverse economies, providing entrepreneurs with a lower-risk entry into business ownership and bolstering local economies through employment opportunities.

READ ALSO: West Africa’s Economy: The Critical Role of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

Africa’s Untapped Franchising Potential

Africa’s franchising sector remains dynamic yet largely untapped. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Africa is estimated at approximately $60 billion. According to the World Economic Forum, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) account for 95% of all registered businesses and contribute around 50% to the total GDP of Sub-Saharan African countries. SMEs play a critical role in driving economic growth, yet many struggle with sustainability. Data from the International Finance Corporation (IFC) indicates that about 80% of startups fail within the first five years. Franchising offers a structured business model that can mitigate this high failure rate by providing proven systems, established brand recognition, and ongoing operational support.

The South African franchise industry is the most mature on the continent, contributing around 15% to the country’s GDP and encompassing over 800 franchise brands. Nigeria and Kenya are emerging as strong players in the sector, with international brands such as Shoprite, KFC, Domino’s Pizza, and Cold Stone Creamery making significant inroads. Kenya, in particular, has seen a 12% growth in its franchise sector over the past five years, fuelled by a rising middle class and increasing urbanisation. Ghana, Egypt, and Morocco are also witnessing a gradual increase in franchise investments, signalling the potential for broader adoption across the continent.

Key Drivers of Franchise Growth in Africa

A combination of economic and demographic factors is making Africa an attractive frontier for franchising. The continent’s population, currently at 1.4 billion, is projected to reach 2.5 billion by 2050, with over 60% of its inhabitants under the age of 25. This youthful demographic is driving demand for both international and locally adapted brands. Urbanisation is another significant factor, with an estimated 50% of Africans expected to live in urban areas by 2030. This shift is increasing disposable income levels and altering consumer preferences towards standardised, quality-controlled goods and services—an area where franchises excel.

Furthermore, digitalisation is enhancing the feasibility of franchising in Africa. The continent’s mobile penetration rate stands at over 46%, with a projected increase to 50% by 2025. Mobile money services such as M-Pesa in Kenya, MTN Mobile Money in Ghana, and Flutterwave in Nigeria are facilitating seamless financial transactions, making it easier for franchises to operate and expand across borders.

Challenges Hindering Franchise Expansion

Despite its potential, franchising in Africa faces several challenges. Access to financing remains a significant barrier, as many prospective franchisees struggle to secure the necessary capital. The average cost of starting a franchise in Africa varies widely, from $50,000 for smaller brands to over $1 million for well-known international franchises. High interest rates on business loans, averaging between 15-25% in many African countries, further exacerbate the issue.

Regulatory complexities also pose hurdles. Many African nations lack clear franchise-specific legislation, leading to inconsistent enforcement of contracts and intellectual property protections. South Africa is one of the few countries with a dedicated franchise regulatory framework under the Consumer Protection Act, but other nations continue to grapple with legal uncertainties that deter potential investors.

Additionally, supply chain inefficiencies and infrastructure deficits present operational challenges. Poor road networks, unreliable electricity supply, and inefficient logistics can hinder franchise businesses reliant on timely supply chains. However, increasing investments in infrastructure projects, such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), aim to improve trade flows and connectivity across the region.

The Future of Franchising in Africa

Despite these challenges, the outlook for franchising in Africa remains optimistic. Several international brands are adopting an ‘Africanised’ approach by integrating local preferences into their offerings. McDonald’s, for instance, has adapted its menu in Egypt to include halal-certified products, while KFC in Nigeria sources over 80% of its ingredients locally to navigate import restrictions.

Furthermore, homegrown African franchises are on the rise. South Africa’s Debonairs Pizza, Nigeria’s Chicken Republic, and Kenya’s Java House have successfully expanded within and beyond their home countries, proving that African franchises can scale effectively. The rise of technology-driven franchise models, such as cloud kitchens and e-commerce-based retail franchises, is also shaping the future of African franchising.

As financial institutions and investors increasingly recognise the profitability of franchising, initiatives such as franchise-focused funding schemes by the African Development Bank (AfDB) and the World Bank are emerging to provide necessary capital. Additionally, governments can play a pivotal role by establishing clearer franchise regulations, improving infrastructure, and fostering an environment conducive to business expansion.

Franchising is not merely a business model; it is a vehicle for economic transformation. With strategic investments, regulatory support, and a shift in entrepreneurial mindset, franchising has the potential to redefine African entrepreneurship, create jobs, and stimulate sustainable economic growth.

The post Franchising Could Revolutionise African Entrepreneurship appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), global material consumption is projected to double by 2060, reaching 167 gigatonnes annually. The extraction of raw materials such as metals, fossil fuels, and biomass currently accounts for 50% of global carbon dioxide emissions, as reported by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). Meanwhile, the Ellen MacArthur Foundation estimates that transitioning to a circular economy could reduce material-related emissions by up to 45% by 2050, highlighting the necessity of renewable materials in climate mitigation strategies.

READ ALSO: Africa’s Energy Independence: Is Nuclear Power a Viable Option?

The Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) International Energy Outlook projects that global energy consumption will increase by 34% between 2022 and 2050, outpacing advances in energy efficiency. Factors such as global population growth, increased regional manufacturing, and higher living standards contribute to rising consumption, leading to a projected 15% increase in global carbon dioxide emissions from energy by 2050.

The World Economic Forum reports that the global bioeconomy, which includes renewable materials, is valued at approximately $5 trillion. While Europe and North America lead the charge, Asia and Africa are rapidly increasing their footprint. According to the African Circular Economy Alliance (ACEA), Africa’s transition to renewable materials has the potential to inject an additional $4.5 trillion into its economy by 2030, driving employment, reducing waste, and mitigating environmental impact.

Africa’s Lithium Boom: A Renewable Energy Game-Changer

One of Africa’s most significant contributions to the global search for renewable materials is its vast lithium reserves. Lithium, a critical component in battery production for electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy storage, has made Africa a focal point for international investment. The continent holds an estimated 4.9 million metric tonnes of lithium reserves, with major deposits in Zimbabwe, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mali, and Namibia.

Zimbabwe, home to one of the world’s largest lithium reserves, is rapidly becoming a key supplier of the mineral. The country produced approximately 1,200 metric tonnes of lithium in 2022, with projections to exceed 20,000 metric tonnes by 2025 due to foreign investments from China, the US, and Europe. The Bikita, Arcadia, and Zulu lithium mines are among the most prominent, attracting billions in funding. Meanwhile, Mali’s Goulamina lithium project, backed by Australia’s Firefinch Limited, is set to become a major global producer, contributing to the shift towards sustainable energy solutions.

As demand for electric vehicles surges, Africa’s lithium industry is expected to play a crucial role in reducing global reliance on fossil fuels. According to BloombergNEF, the global lithium-ion battery market is projected to reach $400 billion by 2030, with Africa poised to be a major supplier of raw materials. However, concerns over resource exploitation and fair value distribution remain critical. African governments are increasingly pushing for local processing and value addition, ensuring that lithium benefits the continent’s economy rather than merely serving as an export commodity.

The Agricultural Goldmine: Biomaterials and Organic Innovation

Africa’s vast agricultural sector is another frontier for renewable materials. The continent produces significant quantities of agricultural waste, much of which can be repurposed into bio-based alternatives. Over 70 million tonnes of crop residues are generated annually, providing a valuable resource for creating biodegradable packaging, bio-composites, and organic fertilisers.
Countries such as Ghana and Côte d’Ivoire, which together produce over 60% of the world’s cocoa, are exploring ways to repurpose cocoa husks into bioplastics and biofuels. Similarly, Ethiopia and Kenya, two of the largest coffee producers, are developing sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials using coffee husks and pulp. The integration of biomaterials into mainstream industries presents an opportunity for Africa to shift from an exporter of raw agricultural commodities to a global leader in sustainable material production.

Industrial Scale-Up: Renewable Construction and Textiles

The construction and textile industries are among the most resource-intensive sectors globally, and Africa is pioneering sustainable alternatives in both fields. Countries such as Rwanda and Ethiopia are investing in green building materials, with Kigali emerging as a hub for bamboo-based construction materials. The International Bamboo and Rattan Organisation (INBAR) notes that Africa’s bamboo industry, valued at over $20 billion, has the potential to revolutionise construction through renewable materials.

In the textile sector, organic cotton, hemp, and recycled polyester are gaining traction. According to the Ethical Fashion Initiative, Africa’s sustainable textile industry is projected to grow by 13% annually, driven by eco-conscious fashion brands such as Ghana’s Studio 189 and South Africa’s Sealand Gear. These efforts align with the global push for sustainable fashion, a $1.5 trillion industry expected to transition towards 50% renewable materials by 2030.

The Future of Africa’s Renewable Material Economy

As the world pivots towards sustainability, Africa is proving that it is not just a participant but a leader in the search for renewable materials. With its rich natural resources, innovative entrepreneurship, and increasing policy support, the continent is set to play a crucial role in shaping the future of sustainable industries. If leveraged strategically, Africa’s contributions could redefine global supply chains, making sustainability not just an aspiration but a reality.

The post How is Africa Contributing to the Search for Renewable Materials? appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

The International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that 402 million additional jobs were needed in 2024 to close the employment gap. While some economies have made progress in reducing this deficit, low-income countries, particularly in Africa and South Asia, have seen job shortages increase by 0.4 percentage points compared to pre-pandemic levels. Gender disparities remain stark, with women in lower-income nations facing a 7.5 percentage point higher job gap than men.

READ ALSO: Want to See Africa Lead in Tech? CSR is the Key 

Meanwhile, automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are redefining industries. According to the Future of Jobs Report 2025 by the World Economic Forum (WEF), 83 million jobs are expected to disappear by 2027 due to AI and automation, while 69 million new jobs will emerge—resulting in a net loss of 14 million jobs globally. This transformation is forcing the workforce to adapt, and digital skills, including coding, are at the heart of this shift.

According to the WEF, broadening digital access is expected to be the most transformative trend, with 60% of employers predicting it will reshape their businesses by 2030. Advances in AI and information processing (86%), robotics and automation (58%), and energy generation, storage, and distribution (41%) are also expected to drive change. These trends will have a dual impact, fuelling demand for technology-related skills while rendering some jobs obsolete. Among the most sought-after skills will be AI and big data, networks and cybersecurity, and technological literacy.

Coding as the Ultimate Employment Multiplier

Coding is no longer just for software engineers—it is permeating all sectors, from agriculture and manufacturing to finance and healthcare. According to LinkedIn’s 2024 Jobs on the Rise report, skill sets for jobs have changed by 25% since 2015 and are projected to shift by 65% by 2030. Tech-related roles, such as AI specialists, data analysts, and cybersecurity experts, are among the fastest-growing careers. Even in non-tech industries, coding knowledge improves job prospects and boosts earning potential.

Governments and corporations worldwide are investing in digital education to bridge the skills gap. The European Union (EU) launched the Digital Education Action Plan 2021–2027 to equip citizens with digital competencies, while India’s Skill India initiative has trained over 10 million young people in coding and other digital skills. In the United States, the Bureau of Labour Statistics projects that software development jobs will grow by 25% from 2022 to 2032—much faster than the average for all occupations.

Africa’s Digital Leap: Can Coding Fix Unemployment?

With a youth population expected to reach 1.4 billion by 2050, Africa has the potential to become the world’s digital powerhouse. However, the continent faces an urgent unemployment crisis. According to the World Bank, 60% of Africa’s unemployed are young people, many of whom lack access to quality education and digital skills.

Yet change is happening. Rwanda, often called Africa’s Silicon Valley, has integrated coding into its national curriculum. The country also launched KLab, a tech incubation hub that has produced thousands of software developers and entrepreneurs.

Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy, is witnessing a coding revolution. The government-backed NPower Tech programme has trained over 40,000 young people in software development, cybersecurity, and AI. Private initiatives such as Andela, which has placed African software engineers in global tech companies, are redefining employment opportunities for young Nigerians.

Kenya, a leader in mobile technology, has seen the rise of coding bootcamps such as Moringa School and AkiraChix, which focus on training women in software development. The impact is evident—Kenya’s IT sector now contributes 8% to GDP, up from 1% in 2010.

What Must Be Done

While coding presents a viable solution to unemployment, challenges remain. High internet costs, outdated curricula, and inadequate digital infrastructure hinder progress in many African nations. Governments must invest in broadband expansion, while educational institutions need to adopt industry-relevant coding programmes.

Partnerships between tech companies and schools can accelerate learning. For instance, Google’s Africa Developer Scholarship Programme has trained over 100,000 Africans in coding since 2019. Similarly, Microsoft’s AI for Africa initiative is helping young developers integrate AI into African solutions.

Ultimately, coding is more than just a skill—it is an economic enabler. If African nations harness tech education effectively, they can transform their job markets and build a digitally empowered workforce that competes on a global scale.

Coding is the new literacy, and as the digital revolution unfolds, nations that invest in tech education will thrive. While unemployment remains a challenge, the rise of coding programmes and digital training initiatives offers a beacon of hope. With the right policies, infrastructure, and industry collaboration, tech education can indeed be the key to unlocking employment opportunities—not just in Africa, but across the world.

By embracing this change, the world can turn its looming employment crisis into an era of unprecedented job creation and economic growth.

The post Can Tech Education Solve Unemployment? appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

The World Economic Forum reveals that extreme weather, climate, and water-related events caused almost US$1.5 trillion in economic losses in the decade leading up to 2019, compared to US$184 billion in the 1970s. A World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) report warns that climate change may push over 120 million people into extreme poverty by 2030 if substantial adaptation actions are not implemented (World Bank, 2016).

READ ALSO: Africa Climate Action: A Nexus in the Rain?

As global economic risks intensify, Africa faces a particularly severe challenge. Despite contributing less than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions, the continent bears the brunt of climate impacts. Vulnerable infrastructure, limited financial resources, and a high dependence on climate-sensitive sectors, such as agriculture, create a perfect storm of economic challenges. The African Development Bank estimates that climate change could erode between 2% and 4% of Africa’s GDP by mid-century if adaptation investments are not scaled up. This imbalance between minimal contribution and maximal vulnerability highlights the urgent need for comprehensive and data-driven adaptation strategies.

Navigating Global Economic Uncertainty

The interplay between climate change and economic stability has led policymakers and economists to reassess long-held assumptions about growth and resilience. Global studies, such as those from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), warn that unmitigated climate change could inflict annual global economic losses equivalent to 2%–4% of GDP by 2100.

These figures are not merely abstract; they represent tangible setbacks, including reduced agricultural yields, increased health expenditures, and deteriorating infrastructure. From an adaptation economics perspective, every dollar invested today in resilient infrastructure and innovative technologies could yield multiple dollars in avoided costs tomorrow. This multiplier effect is particularly critical for developing economies.

Charting a Course through Climate Turbulence

The economic rationale for adaptation is bolstered by data and case studies. In the agricultural sector—central to many African economies—climate change could reduce crop yields by 10%–20% by 2050 without adaptive measures (International Food Policy Research Institute [IFPRI], 2019). Such declines threaten food security, destabilise economies, and drive up food prices, exacerbating poverty. The ripple effects extend into water scarcity, health crises, and job losses, each demanding urgent and robust adaptation strategies.

Rebuilding a Climate-Resilient Economy

The pathway forward requires balancing immediate expenditures with long-term economic gains. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP, 2019) estimates that Africa faces an annual adaptation finance gap of US$50–100 billion. This gap reflects not only the need for infrastructure investments but also improvements in governance, capacity building, and technological innovation. International climate finance has increased in recent years, with OECD reports noting a rise from US$16 billion in adaptation flows in 2010 to over US$50 billion by 2018 (OECD, 2019). However, much of this finance has not adequately reached African nations, which continue to struggle with limited access to necessary funds for transformative adaptation policies.

A critical analysis of adaptation economics reveals that effective policies must be dynamic and multifaceted. Adaptation is not a one-size-fits-all solution; investments must be tailored to each region’s specific vulnerabilities and capacities. In Africa, this means bolstering water management systems in arid regions, implementing climate-smart agricultural practices, and modernising urban infrastructure to withstand extreme weather events. Predictive modelling from the IPCC suggests that without adaptation, rising temperatures and erratic weather patterns could lead to economic damages of up to 4% of GDP annually by 2050 for many African nations. Such projections are a clarion call for immediate and sustained investments in resilience.

The Role of Policy and Collaboration

Effective adaptation requires a symphony of collaboration between domestic governments, international financial institutions, and local communities. The UNFCCC has long advocated for developed nations to mobilise US$100 billion annually in climate finance to support mitigation and adaptation efforts in vulnerable regions. However, translating these pledges into on-the-ground projects remains a formidable challenge. African nations must not only secure these funds but also ensure that investments are effectively managed and aligned with local needs. The economic calculus is clear: every dollar spent on adaptation today can safeguard future economic stability, transform vulnerabilities into opportunities, and set a foundation for sustainable development that benefits both the continent and the global community.

The economics of climate change adaptation in Africa encapsulates a narrative of stark contrasts: a continent facing disproportionate risks from a crisis it did little to create, yet also holding the potential for transformative change through strategic investment and resilient policy design. Global data and rigorous analyses affirm that proactive adaptation measures offer high returns on investment—not merely by averting losses but by catalysing sustainable growth. As the world grapples with the multifaceted challenges of climate change, Africa’s journey towards resilience is a critical chapter in the broader story of global economic and environmental renewal. The path forward is illuminated by data, driven by economic imperatives, and must be paved with collaborative efforts to ensure that no nation is left adrift in the turbulent seas of climate uncertainty.

The post The Economics of Climate Change Adaptation in Africa appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

According to the Global Gender Gap Report published by the World Economic Forum, Sub-Saharan Africa has made notable strides in closing the gender gap, improving by an overall 5.6 percentage points since 2006. This progress is evident as 21 out of 35 economies in the region rank within the top 100 globally. Namibia, in particular, stands out as a top-ten performer, showcasing the positive impact of gender-inclusive policies on economic outcomes.

READ ALSO: International Women’s Day: Celebrating the Architects of Change and the Power of ‘She’

One key takeaway from the report is that the “Participation and Opportunity” index currently stands at 68.1%, reflecting significant advancements in labour-force participation and notable progress in women’s representation in technical and professional roles. Increasing women’s engagement in the workforce is not just a matter of equity; it is a crucial driver of economic growth.

Studies have consistently shown that bridging gender inequalities in labour force participation can lead to enhanced Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In many African economies, where agriculture and informal trading dominate, empowering women with access to education, financing, and technology can drive substantial increases in productivity. For instance, Rwanda has become a beacon of gender inclusion, with women playing vital roles in both governance and business, demonstrating that gender equality can be a catalyst for economic growth.

Investing in women’s economic participation has far-reaching benefits, particularly in poverty reduction. Women tend to reinvest up to 90% of their earnings back into their families and communities, improving access to education, healthcare, and overall living standards. Financial inclusion—through mechanisms such as bank accounts, mobile banking, and microloans—further enables women to start businesses and achieve financial independence. Expanding financial services targeted at women is crucial for accelerating economic transitions in the region.

The Global Gender Gap Report highlights African countries making strides in women’s economic participation. Liberia leads the way with an economic participation and opportunity index score of 0.874, ranking first globally. Botswana follows closely with a score of 0.854, ranking second. Other African nations in the top rankings include Eswatini (fourth globally), Togo (11th), Kenya (13th), Zimbabwe (14th), Burundi (15th), Namibia (17th), Madagascar (25th), and Ghana (30th). These countries demonstrate progress in promoting women’s economic empowerment and providing opportunities for women to participate in the workforce.

The advancements showcased by these nations reflect a growing recognition that empowering women is integral to economic development. However, much work remains to be done. Structural and societal barriers must be dismantled to ensure that women can participate fully in all sectors of the economy.

Achieving economic growth and sustainable development in Africa hinges on the active engagement of women. By fostering an environment where women can thrive economically, the continent will not only improve the lives of millions but also propel its economies to new heights. As we celebrate International Women’s Day, let us commit to championing gender equality and ensuring that women can unlock their full potential in every sphere of life.

The post Importance of Women’s Participation for Economic Growth in Africa appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

According to the World Bank, Sub-Saharan Africa’s economy grew by 3% in 2024, largely driven by private investment and resource exports. However, the continent still faces severe income inequality, with over 460 million people living in extreme poverty despite abundant resources. In its 2025 global prospects report, the World Bank has forecast an average growth rate of 4.2% for Sub-Saharan Africa in 2025-26, driven by industrial commodity-exporting nations and the region’s largest economies.

READ ALSO: Harnessing Africa’s Natural Resources: Sustainable Strategies for Economic Prosperity

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimates that illicit financial flows and underpricing of Africa’s resources result in an annual loss of over $88.6 billion, equivalent to 3.7% of the continent’s GDP. Meanwhile, the World Economic Forum (WEF) notes that Africa’s resource sector could add $30 billion annually if more investments were directed towards value addition rather than mere extraction.

According to Dr Albert G. Zeufack, “A regional approach to the extractives sector would allow the creation of value chains that add more value and create more jobs for people living in resource-rich countries than extraction alone.”
Africa’s resource wealth has often been labelled a “resource curse” due to mismanagement, corruption, and over-reliance on raw exports. However, if harnessed strategically, these resources can be the continent’s greatest asset for achieving sustainable economic growth. The shift must move from raw exports to processing and value addition, allowing African nations to gain a larger share of the global supply chain.

Historically, Africa has exported raw materials only to import finished goods at significantly higher prices, keeping many economies dependent and vulnerable. A United Nations (UN) report suggests that local beneficiation—processing raw materials within Africa before export—could create millions of jobs and boost GDP by over 5% annually.

The Democratic Republic of Congo, for instance, produces over 70% of the world’s cobalt, a key mineral for electric vehicle batteries. Yet, most of it is exported raw to China. Developing local refineries could add billions to the economy. Similarly, Ghana, Africa’s largest gold producer, exports much of its gold as raw bullion. Processing it into jewellery and electronic components could significantly boost earnings. Nigeria, the continent’s largest oil producer, still imports refined petroleum due to insufficient refinery capacity, but the newly commissioned Dangote Refinery, capable of processing 650,000 barrels per day, marks a major step towards change.

To fully monetise its natural resources, Africa must improve infrastructure, governance, and investment frameworks. Countries like Botswana have successfully leveraged their diamond wealth through state-controlled partnerships with private firms, ensuring more revenue stays within the country. Similarly, Rwanda has developed policies that promote domestic processing of minerals, boosting both employment and revenue. Strengthening local manufacturing, curbing corruption, incentivising foreign direct investment (FDI), and leveraging digital tools for efficiency in mining, oil drilling, and agricultural resource management are crucial steps towards economic independence.

The dream of an economically independent Africa is not far-fetched. If managed effectively, Africa’s resources could finance infrastructure, education, and healthcare, driving long-term prosperity. By shifting from raw exports to value addition, investing in local industries, and enforcing transparent governance, the continent can transform its wealth into sustainable growth.

The real question is: Will Africa continue to be the world’s resource warehouse, or will it step into its rightful place as a powerhouse of economic transformation? The answer lies in decisive leadership, strategic investments, and the will to build a self-sustaining economic ecosystem that benefits all Africans.

The post Is Africa’s Natural Resources Being Wasted? appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

A World Bank report highlights that narrowing the gender gap in sub-Saharan Africa’s tech sector could add as much as $316 billion to the continent’s economy by 2025.

Africa’s Tech Landscape

Africa is witnessing a boom in tech hubs, with over 640 active hubs as of 2022, concentrated mainly in Nigeria, South Africa, Egypt, and Kenya. These hubs are centres of innovation, offering resources for startups, funding opportunities, and training programs to build the next generation of tech entrepreneurs. However, according to the World Bank, only 28% of these tech startups are founded or co-founded by women.

The World Economic Forum (WEF) estimates that closing the gender gap in Africa’s technology sector could boost the continent’s GDP by over $316 billion by 2025. This underlines both the economic benefits and the importance of creating technology that serves the diverse needs of African communities.

Female Participation and Leadership in Tech

Workforce Participation: Data from the International Finance Corporation (IFC) indicate that women make up roughly 30% of the tech workforce in sub-Saharan Africa, compared to nearly 50% in more developed economies.

Leadership Representation: Women hold less than 15% of executive roles in African tech firms, with only 8% of CEO positions held by females. This reveals a significant barrier to leadership roles in the sector.

Funding Disparity: Female-led tech startups in Africa receive less than 5% of venture capital funding, while male-led startups secure over 90%, underscoring the need for more equitable financial support.

Educational Barriers: According to UNESCO, women in sub-Saharan Africa represent just 35% of students in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields, which are crucial for careers in technology.

Case Study: Kenya’s Konza Technopolis

Kenya’s Konza Technopolis, also known as “Silicon Savannah,” is one of Africa’s most ambitious tech projects. Designed as a hub for innovation and a magnet for global investors, Konza has adopted diversity initiatives to boost female participation in the tech sector. The project includes quotas for female entrepreneurs and technologists in its talent pool.

Over 300 women have joined the Konza incubation program, receiving training in fields such as cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and data science. This initiative has been pivotal in challenging traditional gender roles in Kenya’s tech industry, encouraging more women to engage in high-skill tech areas. Successful female-led startups, including FarmDrive and Moringa School, have emerged from these programs, driving innovation across sectors such as fintech and agritech.

Challenges Facing Women in Tech

Despite progress, women in Africa’s tech industry face significant challenges:

Access to Funding: Studies from the World Bank reveal that women-led tech ventures often encounter greater barriers to securing financial support compared to men, limiting their ability to grow and impact the tech ecosystem.

Cultural and Societal Norms: In many African countries, cultural expectations discourage women from pursuing careers in tech. Societal biases frequently push women toward roles perceived as “more suitable,” such as those in education or healthcare, steering them away from technology and engineering fields.

READ ALSO:Combatting Violence Against Women in the DRC

Skill Gaps: The limited availability of STEM education for women leads to skill gaps that hinder their entry into tech roles. Addressing these gaps will require focused investment in educational reforms, especially in regions with low female representation in secondary and tertiary STEM programs.

The Path Forward

For sustained growth, Africa must invest in STEM education initiatives targeting young women. Programs like Nigeria’s “She Leads Africa” and Rwanda’s “Girls in ICT” serve as powerful examples, providing mentorship, scholarships, and networking opportunities to bridge the gender gap. Similarly, the African Girls Can Code program, a joint initiative by the African Union and UN Women, is equipping girls with coding and digital skills, preparing them for future careers in technology.

Although challenges remain, with sustained investment and commitment, Africa’s tech sector has the potential to become a global leader in gender inclusivity. Closing the gender gap will unlock significant innovation, economic growth, and new opportunities across the continent.

The post Africa’s Tech Revolution and the Pathway for Women appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

In the 2018 edition of its annual report on global competitiveness published Wednesday, October 17, WEF gave Morocco a score of 58.5 on a scale from 0 to 100. Morocco has gained two places in the ranking since 2017.

The Global Competitiveness Index evaluates factors that determine a country’s productivity. The factors are organized into 12 pillars and grouped into four categories: enabling environment, human capital, markets, and the innovation ecosystem.

In the pillars of institutions, infrastructure, financial system, macroeconomic stability, and market size, the north African country scored well with an average score in those pillars of 68.88 out of 100.

Morocco’s workforce skills and education in addition to its “labour market” scored poorly, ranking 114th and 119th globally with a score of 45.2 and 50, respectively.

In health and business dynamism, Morocco also scored poorly, receiving a score of 74.9 (88th globally) and 53.9 (99th globally), respectively.

Morocco scored modestly in product market and innovation capability, ranking 75th and 78th globally with scores of 55.2 and 34, respectively.

Morocco lost 10 points in information and communication technology (ICT) adoption compared to the 2017 report, coming in 93rd place with a score of 44.2.

Morocco comes fourth in Africa, behind Mauritius leads the African continent with a score of 63.7 (49th globally), followed by South Africa (67th globally) and, Seychelles (74th globally), and Morocco (75th globally).

Globally, the United States leads the overall rankings with a score of 85.6. Singapore (83.5) came second, ahead of Germany (82.8) and Switzerland (82.6).

Angola (37.1), Haiti (36.5), Yemen (36.4), and Chad (35.5) bottomed out the list.

The post World Economic Forum Ranks Morocco 75th in Competitiveness appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

In the same vein, Rwanda has risen one position continentally in the Global Competitiveness report to take second place while South Africa came in third in Africa.

However, the report’s latest release, published on Tuesday, showed that, globally, Rwanda has slipped six positions from 52nd to 58th.

Regionally, Rwanda maintained its position as East Africa’s most competitive economy with Kenya in 91st position and Tanzania in 113th. Uganda was ranked 114th and Burundi 129th.

The post #Mauritius Tops WEF Africa Competitiveness Ranking appeared first on African Leadership Magazine.

President Goodluck Jonathan, top government officials and key private sector operators from Nigeria attended this year’s winter meeting held in Davos, Switzerland, in January. Nigeria and West Africa will be hosting this summit for the first time, while South Africa has played host to the global event four times. Other African countries that have hosted the WEF are Zimbabwe (1997); Namibia (1998); Mozambique (2004); Tanzania (2010); and Ethiopia (2012)

Already, no fewer than 10 Heads of State and 900 delegates have registered to participate in the WEF, which has “Forging Inclusive Growth, Creating Jobs”, as its theme.

Participants for the three-day event would come from 70 countries, including 30 in Africa. Organisers say confirmation for participation of Presidents of many countries have been made, including those of Algeria, Benin, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania and Togo.

A former British Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, and a former President of Brazil, Lula da Silva, are also expected at the forum.

The forum will be co-chaired by Chairman of the Dangote Group, Aliko Dangote, and the Chairman of Bharti Enterprises, Sunil Bharti Mittal, who are major private sector players in Africa, among others.

Over 50 top Chief Executive Officers of big global firms would participate in the forum, number described by official sources as “unprecedented.”

The hosting of this event in Nigeria is the high point of the clamour by some Nigerian firms, who are increasing active in the Forum backed by the engagement of WEF by the Federal Government and its economic team.

The growing list of Nigerian companies joining the organisation include; Access Bank, AG Leventis Nigeria Plc, Central Bank of Nigeria, Dangote Group, Diamond Bank Plc, First Bank of Nigeria Plc, Four Mills of Nigeria Plc and Guaranty Trust Bank Plc.

Others are Nigerian Export-Import Bank (NEXIM), Oando Plc, Seawolf Oil Services Ltd, Shoreline Energy International, TAK Agro and The Nigerian Stock Exchange.

Also partnering with the WEF are: The Tony Elumelu Foundation, UBA Group, Union Bank of Nigeria Plc and Zenith Bank Plc.

Some experts see the hosting as a reflection of the growing attraction of the country to international capital following recent developments which has thrown Nigeria up for global attention. Last month, Nigeria announced a rebased Gross Domestic Product, GDP, $509.9 billion, making the nation’s economy the largest in Africa and the 26th in the world.

The rebased estimates indicate that the nominal GDP for Nigeria was much higher than previously estimated. In 2010, the estimate was $360. 644 billion; in 2011, it was $408.805 billion; and 2012, $453.966 billion. The growth rate is driven by the services sector with it contributing about 51 per cent of the GDP.

The rebasing exercise on the Nigerian economy also saw the per capita GDP rising to $2, 688, covering 2010 to 2013 moving the per capita scale from 135 to 121st position.

Earlier in the year, Nigeria was tipped among a new acronym, MINT, who along with other 15 countries, would emerge economic powerhouse in the world come 2050. Other members of the MINT are Mexico, Indonesia and Turkey.

The MINT countries share some common features. They all have big and growing populations with plentiful supplies of young workers that should help them grow fast when ageing and shrinking populations will lead inexorably to slower growth rates in many developed countries (and China) over the coming decades.

To ensure a hitch-free event, President Goodluck Jonathan last year set up a steering committee comprising key government functionaries and leading private sector players and co-chaired by Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Coordinating Minister for the Economy and Minister for Finance and Nwanze Okidegbe, Chief Economic Adviser to the President, to work out preparations for the summit.

The Chief Economic Adviser has this to say of the Forum: “Sometimes, when people think of Nigeria, they think of oil. But, we have far more than oil. The non-oil sector is even growing far more. There are lots of investment opportunities in manufacturing, infrastructure, agriculture and so on.

“We are going to use the WEF to maximise the benefits by getting both global and Nigerian companies to get together, share information that will further showcase that Nigeria has a lot of opportunities.

“Investment funds are limited and every country is doing whatever they can to grab a part of it. That is one of the reasons some countries go to road shows and try to woo investors to come.”

However, according to Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, the choice of Nigeria as host of the event “is a measure of confidence on Nigeria’s economy,” noting that a strategic economic diplomacy tool, the WEF Africa Abuja conference would provide a veritable platform for foreign investors to interact with the large pool of domestic industrialists to partner on investments within and outside the country.

“Nigeria is bringing a lot of things to the table because the country is seen as a dynamic economy with the potentials to lead the African Continent in a short while. So, we are going to showcase our people because we have very mature business people here who are investing in other countries. We would show case the investible sectors. We already have a publication on the opportunities existing in the country and we will be organising to show them around some of these potentials that we have in agriculture; the solid mineral sector; the petroleum sector and even the film industry.”

On security arrangement, Okonjo-Iweala had reassured the global community that in spite of the security challenges in some parts of the North, the safety of participants at the forthcoming World Economic Forum (WEF) in Abuja, is guaranteed.

To underscore the peace pervading the nation’s capital, the minister said the just-concluded week-long seventh Joint Conference of the African Union (AU) and United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), provided a test case, adding that no fewer than three high ranking officials of the United Nations, including the Deputy Secretary General and the second-in-command of the global body were in attendance. The minister said no fewer than 1,800 high ranking officials from across the globe participated at the event, which was hitch-free.

While acknowledging that Nigeria was facing some security challenges in some parts of the country just as other nations, hosting the WEF would not pose any security problems.

She said the sophistication of those coming for the event was not in doubt, adding that they get up-to-date information on the security situation in the country from various channels, including their embassies in the country, and form their opinion.

According to her, they were aware that the security situation in Nigeria is not as bad as being portrayed, assuring that everything that needed to be done was being put in place, including security to ensure the safety of delegates who will converge on Abuja to proffer solutions to Africa’s unemployment challenges under the theme: “Forging Inclusive Growth and Creating Jobs.”

This assurance was amplified by the security chiefs. Nigeria’s Defence Chief, Alex Badeh, assured that a water-tight security would be provided before and after the event.

So was the assurance given by Nigeria’s Army Chief, Kenneth Minimah, and the local Police Chief , Mohammed Abubakar, who jointly assured of high-level security measures put in place for the safety of all the participants.

A consultant on international affairs, Joseph Akim, told Sunday Independent that the hosting of the Forum was a positive development for the country, coming in the heels of the recent recalibration of the country’s GDP, which made it the largest economy in Africa.

He said the fallout from these figures has become a source of interest and attraction to global investors who want to tap from the abundant human and capital resources available in the regional powerhouse Akim said the calibre of participants at the forum would provide a source of enlightenment and a beacon light that would open up the country’s diverse products to the international market.

However, over the years, it’s not been smooth-sailing activities for members of the Forum especially those in developing and emerging economies.

Barriers to trade are holding back the global economic recovery. Many governments are still failing to enact sometimes straightforward reforms that could have a far-reaching effect on growth and social progress, according to The WEF’s Global Enabling Trade Report 2014, released recently.

The Report’s Enabling Trade Index indicates that the world’s large emerging economies face enormous challenges as they seek to enable trade and progress to the next stage of their development.

According to the Index, Nigeria is ranked 124th out of 138 economies. Among the BRICs, China, the world’s largest exporter, ranks 54th out of 138 economies, a few notches ahead of South Africa (59th). Brazil (86th), India (96th) and the Russian Federation (105th) appear in the bottom half of the ranking. Turkey (56th) leads the MINT group, ahead of Indonesia (58th) and Mexico (61st), Nigeria, near the bottom.

Common barriers to trade in the developing and emerging world include red tape at borders, corruption, inadequate infrastructure, and low levels of security. Among advanced economies, most apply low import tariffs, but some, such as Switzerland, Norway and EU members, have complex tariff regimes that are hard to navigate and act as barriers to trade, too.

However, the good news is that some of these barriers, such as inefficiencies related to border clearance, can be removed relatively quickly, at a low cost and using limited political capital. The Report points to a number of success stories, including Chile (8th), Malaysia (25th), and Mauritius (29th) that have been able to considerably improve their standing through targeted reforms and investments.

The Global Enabling Trade Report 2014 assesses the performance of 138 economies, in four areas: market access; border administration; infrastructure; and the operating environment. At the top end of the rankings, the Index shows Singapore, Hong Kong SAR, and the Netherlands as the most successful countries in terms of enabling trade.

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